善良的男人
多地密集布局词元经济赛道 探索本土化发展路径_我的网站
A | 当前，一场围绕“词元经济”的地方竞速悄然拉开帷幕。
B | 据记者不完全统计，近期，广东、北京、四川、海南、江苏、湖北、贵州等地纷纷布局词元经济，有的出台政策做好产业指引，有的创新Token（词元）券等政策工具，不少地方还因地制宜探索适合本土的词元经济发展路径。 近期，广东发布《广东省释放数据要素价值 促进词元经济高质量发展若干措施》，提出到2027年底，数据赋能词元经济发展工作体系初步构建，全省一盘棋统筹、差异化布局、一体化协同的词元经济发展格局基本形成。此外，北京、四川、海南等地在出台的相关政策文件中，对推动词元经济发展作出了明确布局。 在各地的工具箱中，以“真金白银”的Token券给予补贴是重要抓手。例如，四川择优给予企业词元实际使用额最高20%、最高100万元的补贴支持；江苏扬州单个申报主体年度最高支持额度可达50万元；武汉江岸区计划每年发放1000万元Token券，支持企业调用头部大模型。据介绍，Token券主要面向AI市场主体，用于补贴模型、智能体的开发、部署和应用等活动。
Editor's Note:
Chinese President Xi Jinping has pointed out, "to understand China today, one must learn to understand the Communist Party of China (CPC)." With the rapid development of China's economy and society, and the steady advancement of the Chinese path to modernization, the notable achievements of the CPC have drawn extensive international attention and scholarly interest. Against this backdrop, the Global Times has launched the "CPC in Global Eyes" column, focusing on the feelings, perspectives and insights of international friends from various fields regarding the CPC's historical path and achievements.
They include those who have toured China, who deeply study the CPC in academic fields, who work, live, study, seek employment or do business in various fields in China, and who pay close attention to the CPC's policies and trends, although they haven't visited the country in person. Through their vivid personal experiences, we aim to present a multifaceted overseas view of the CPC.
In the 16th installment of this series, we followed two Latin American scholars as they toured Chinese cities, witnessing how the CPC's people-centered, long-term development vision is translated into tangible everyday improvements - and reflecting on what China's experience might offer for state capacity building in Latin America.
Standing before the glass at the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center, Ecuadorian scholar María Imelda Robalino gently traced the edge of the giant city model with her fingertips, her eyes reflecting the orderly contours of this megacity stretching toward the horizon. The clear lines linking green spaces along the city's iconic Huangpu River, dense residential neighborhoods and industrial parks drew the public administration scholar, who has long studied urban expansion in Latin America, into deep thought.
Beside her, Mariana Escalante, a Mexican scholar in China studies, gazed at the scrolling timeline of Shanghai's long-term urban plans on a screen and expressed her admiration for the CPC and the Chinese government's all-out efforts in development and construction. "It's very impressive that they're taking care of all the factors that influence Chinese people, not just development and the economy, but also the environment and the well-being of the people," she told the Global Times at the exhibition center.
In June, a delegation of more than 20 think tank scholars from about 15 Latin American countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Ecuador, started their tour in China. Over the course of more than 10 days, they visited cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing, and went into urban planning exhibition centers, residential communities, Party schools, eco-friendly power plants and university think tanks. Robalino and Escalante were among them. Like many others in the group, they came with a shared purpose: to see for themselves what Chinese modernization under CPC leadership actually looks like.
"I always emphasize the importance of seeing and experiencing China with my own eyes, in addition to learning about it through documents, academic research or news reports," Escalante told the Global Times.
From plans to everyday life
For Escalante, this trip to China was far from her first encounter with the country.
A professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and founder of Mexican Association of Sinology, she has visited China many times before - yet each journey still brings fresh discoveries. "China is a country that changes at an impressive speed, so I try to visit as often as possible," she told the Global Times. "Every trip allows me to observe new processes, and compare what I study in texts with how policies are implemented."
Robalino approached her China visit with a broader set of expectations. Her institution, Ecuador's National Institute of Advanced Studies, has a Center for Chinese Studies, and this trip was meant to deepen existing academic ties. As a scholar of public policy and innovation, she also hoped to observe firsthand how China builds state capacity.
With different expectations, the delegation set off on a "dialogue" spanning mountains and seas. In Shanghai, the Latin American scholars visited the city's urban planning exhibition center and also stepped into one of its most local residential communities. If the former showed them how a metropolis is "planned" into being, the field visit to Block 228 Changbai New Village Subdistrict, or Changbai 228, revealed how planning is translated into everyday life - through the leadership and support of CPC organizations at every level.
On an afternoon in early June, the delegation stepped into Changbai 228 in Shanghai's Yangpu district. Since its completion in 1952, it has served as a warm home for the city's industrial workers. More than seven decades later, through urban planning, it has been transformed into a mixed-use community that preserves historical memory while offering modern services.
As the delegation walked through the neighborhood, they passed one amenity after another: a convenience commercial center, an affordable sports and health center, a restaurant, and subsidized rental housing. Inside a local Party-mass service center, some residents were dancing, while music drifted out into the hall. At the entrance, several scholars paused and, unable to resist, began clapping along to the beat.
"From the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center, I was able to observe how the state plans and envisions the development of the city; at Changbai 228, I was able to observe the results of that action from the perspective of the community and everyday life," Robalino told the Global Times. What intrigued her most was "how a planned intervention can become a space that does not feel rigid or imposed, but instead becomes a place for connection and coexistence." To her, the case revealed one of the less visible dimensions of public action: what happens after planning, during implementation, when public decisions become part of people's daily lives.
Escalante was equally struck by what Changbai 228 revealed about the CPC's people-centered philosophy. "What attracted my attention most at 228 was the close connection between urban renewal and the everyday well-being of residents," she said.
"Urban space should not be organized solely around commercial consumption. Changbai 228 includes commercial services, but it also has public and community spaces where people can meet, rest or take part in activities, without consumption necessarily being at the center of the experience." In Escalante's view, the CPC's people-centered approach had taken on tangible form. "Development should not be understood only in economic terms or in terms of economic gain, but also in terms of the people."
An immersive understanding
Having visited China in person and seen firsthand how CPC policies are implemented in everyday life and put at the service of the people, these Latin American scholars with a strong interest in China gained a more immersive understanding of some of the Party's core concepts.
Several of the projects the scholars visited enabled them to observe how these concepts are translated into concrete policies and projects, Escalante said. She pointed to some terms often mentioned by the CPC and the Chinese government, such as "people-centered development," "common prosperity" and "Chinese modernization."
"People-centered development" means that development should not be measured solely by economic growth, infrastructure construction or technological progress, but also by its ability to improve people's livelihoods and quality of life, she added.
The scholar further pointed out that, "common prosperity" adds another layer to this vision: growth and modernization should benefit a broader swath of society, and development should help reduce social and regional inequalities. "What is the point of achieving high levels of economic growth or technological development if a significant part of the population is left outside its benefits?"
As for "Chinese modernization," Escalante described it as a modernization path suited to China's own historical, social and political conditions, rather than the assumption that there is only one universal model to follow.
"The leadership of the CPC is also explicitly presented as one of its central elements. From my perspective, the role of the Party is precisely one of the defining features of this process," she told the Global Times. "The Chinese government has considerable capacity to set long-term development goals, coordinate public policies and mobilize resources toward specific priorities. What interests me is how these broad ideas are translated - or are intended to be translated - into concrete policies, and what results they produce at different levels of society."
Cooperation amid challenges
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the launch of the China-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum. Data show that in 2024 trade between China and Latin American and Caribbean countries exceeded $500 billion for the first time, more than 40 times that of the beginning of this century. In 2025, the figure climbed further to $549 billion. More than 20 Latin American countries had joined the Belt and Road cooperation framework, the Xinhua News Agency reported in May 2025.
Behind the numbers are scholars' observations and reflections. Escalante believes that one of the most practical and promising areas for cooperation between China and Latin America lies in sustainable urban transportation and its integration with new energy - including electric public transit, charging infrastructure, energy storage technologies, smart traffic management systems and shared mobility services. "These are particularly relevant areas for large Latin American cities that face problems such as congestion, pollution, unequal access to transportation and long commuting times," she said.
From the perspective of public administration, Robalino pointed to at least two areas where China and Latin America could find concrete opportunities for South-South cooperation.
"One is the exchange of experience on long-term planning, policy monitoring and strengthening implementation capacity; the other is public innovation," she told the Global Times. "It would be particularly interesting to exchange methodologies for experimentation, institutional learning and scaling up innovations."
When asked about the resurgence of "Monroe Doctrine" thinking in the US, Escalante did not evade the issue. "US influence and pressure on Latin America have a long history," she said. What worries her now, she added, is that the US government has once again publicly invoked the Monroe Doctrine, "which inevitably raises questions in Latin America about sovereignty and the capacity to make our own decisions."
At the same time, Escalante argued that it is too simplistic to explain Latin America's limited autonomy solely through external pressure. "Autonomy also depends on our own capacities. A country with strong institutions, a more diversified economy, lower levels of poverty and inequality, greater scientific and technological capabilities, and a long-term development strategy also has more room to decide with whom it wants to build relations and on what terms," she said.
Looking at Latin America, Escalante said one of the most important lessons from China's experience is the country's ability to define long-term goals and, above all, to translate them into concrete policies.
"Our countries have very different political systems, histories and social conditions, so this is not about copying the Chinese model," she told the Global Times. "However, we can reflect on the importance of building institutional systems that can plan, coordinate policies, ensure a certain degree of continuity and make public decisions truly take effect."
As the scholar put it, "China's experience can prompt Latin America to ask an important question: how do we build states with enough capacity to turn development goals into concrete and lasting improvements in people's lives?"
。 对此，南京邮电大学教授、浙江大学双聘教授王春晖表示，Token券可降低中小企业尝试人工智能的沉没成本，帮助企业找到自身的效率提升点。
C | 但他同时提醒，地方在发放该补贴时，应引导企业优化业务流程，防止出现词元滥用和浪费现象。
D | 此外，记者注意到，立足自身资源禀赋，各地政策的着力点各有侧重。 北京亦庄侧重打造“词元工厂”、发力全产业链建设。作为北京首座词元工厂北京壹号词元工厂的所在地，北京亦庄统筹能源、芯片、数据集和大数据，推动项目一期日产能突破1.4万亿词元。依托北京较为密集的AI创新生态和丰富的AI应用场景，北京亦庄计划到2030年，“高标准建成4个万卡级词元工厂”“畅通词元产业全链条要素循环”。 与北京拼生态不同，贵阳贵安重点布局智算能力。
E | 作为“东数西算”国家枢纽节点承载地，贵阳贵安智算能力位居全国前列；同时，由于气候优势，贵州绿电资源丰富，算力综合成本低。贵阳贵安有关词元经济的征求意见稿提出，要“强化智算服务能力”，计划于2028年，智算规模突破240EFLOPS。 广东则依托沿海优势，瞄准了跨境赛道。当前，省内多地正加快布局“词元经济”：汕头已于今年4月打通词元出海全链路；韶关也在今年1月获批国家“来数加工”试点，并依托自身作为广东“北大门”的区位优势，积极探索发展“港数韶算”“澳数韶算”模式。
F | 依托本地优势，广东词元经济专项政策明确，到2027年底，广东将成为全国词元供给高地、智能应用标杆和词元出海枢纽。 在各地积极布局的同时，词元经济也在重构产业链的价值分配逻辑。王春晖分析称，上游算力竞争已从拼规模转向拼能效；中游服务层的价值重心则由词元分发转向效率优化，提示词工程、业务流程重构、垂直模型微调等词元工程化服务，正成为争夺产业链定价权的关键。 专家表示，在各地竞相布局词元经济的背景下，未来的竞争格局将呈现显著的分化与协同。
G | 掌握底层核心技术和高质量数据的地区有望占据产业链顶端，而拥有丰富应用场景的地区将成为词元价值转化的主阵地。不过，评判词元经济的实际价值，不能简单看词元调用规模，而要重点关注词元消耗是否带来了显著的效能跃升。 中央财经大学数字经济融合创新发展中心主任陈端指出，目前词元标准与计量体系尚不统一。词元从生产到应用涉及分词、计量、调用、计价多个环节，跨省、跨平台的互认互通仍是难题。 王春晖表示，现行体系将词元消耗单纯记为费用，难以直观体现技术带来的效率提升，进而影响对词元经济真实贡献的准确评估。
H | 因此，亟须在微观层面建立“词元投入-业务产出”的核算体系，探索将技术带来的效率提升纳入企业资产核算。
I | 建设高效的词元经济，重点是推动产业从“要素投入驱动”转向“效率提升驱动”。（记者 郭倩 实习记者 赵月）。
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